MRI因其無(wú)創(chuàng)性及對(duì)大腦解剖結(jié)構(gòu)清晰的成像在神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)變形疾病中得到廣泛的應(yīng)用。過(guò)去二十年中，功能性磁共振技術(shù)在常規(guī)MRI的基礎(chǔ)上迅速發(fā)展起來(lái)。這些新的MRI技術(shù)提供大腦物質(zhì)能量代謝、功能區(qū)體積測(cè)量和灌注等方面的信息，使得MRI在研究疾病的病理生理、分子學(xué)水平得到很大提高?，F(xiàn)結(jié)合近幾年國(guó)內(nèi)外研究，對(duì)MRI在早期帕金森病診斷中的價(jià)值作一綜述。

引用本文： 廖悄,李楠楠,彭蓉. MRI在早期帕金森病診斷中的價(jià)值. 華西醫(yī)學(xué), 2012, 27(11): 1733-1736. doi: 復(fù)制

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1. 　Mahlknecht P, Hotter A, Hussl A, et al. Significance of MRI in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease[J]. Neurodegener Dis, 2010, 7(5): 300-318.
2. 　Baudrexel S, Klein JC, Deichmann R, et al. Innovative MRI techniques in Parkinson’s disease[J]. Nervenarzt, 2010, 81(10): 1180-1188.
3. 　Schuff N. Potential role of high-field MRI for studies in Parkinson’s disease[J]. Mov Disord, 2009, 24 Suppl 2(2): S684-S690.
4. 　Cho ZH, Oh SH, Kim JM, et al. Direct visualization of Parkinson’s disease by in vivo human brain imaging using 7.0T magnetic resonance imaging[J]. Mov Disord, 2011, 26(4): 713-718.
5. 　Brenneis C, Seppi K, Schocke MF, et al. Voxel-based morphometry detects cortical atrophy in the Parkinson variant of multiple system atrophy[J]. Mov Disord, 2003, 18(10): 1132-1138.
6. 　Geng DY, Li YX, Zee CS. Magnetic resonance imaging-based volumetric analysis of basal ganglia nuclei and substantia nigra in patients with Parkinson’s disease[J]. Neurosurgery, 2006, 58(2): 256-262.
7. 　Borghammer P, ?stergaard K, Cumming P, et al. A deformation-based morphometry study of patients with early-stage Parkinson’s disease[J]. Eur J Neurol, 2010, 17(2): 314-320.
8. 　Matthews PM, Jezzard P. Functional magnetic resonance imaging[J]. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 2004, 75(1): 6-12.
9. 　Prodoehl J, Spraker M, Corcos D, et al. Blood oxygenation level-dependent activation in basal ganglia nuclei relates to specific symptoms in de novo Parkinson’s disease[J]. Mov Disord, 2010, 25(13): 2035-2043.
10. 　Moraschi M, Giulietti G, Giove F, et al. fMRI study of motor cortex activity modulation in early Parkinson’s disease[J]. Magn Reson Imaging, 2010, 28(8): 1152-1158.
11. 　Haacke EM, Ye Y. The role of susceptibility weighted imaging in functional MRI [J]. Neuroimage, 2012, 62(2): 923-929.
12. 　Schapira AH, Jenner P. Etiology and pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease[J]. Mov Disord, 2011, 26(6): 1049-1055.
13. 　Hill JM, Ruff MR, Weber RJ, et al. Transferrin receptors in rat brain: neuropeptide-like pattern and relationship to Iron distribution[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 1985, 82(13): 4553-4557.
14. 　Lotfipour AK, Wharton S, Schwarz ST, et al. High resolution magnetic susceptibility mapping of the substantia nigra in Parkinson’s disease[J]. J Magn Reson Imaging, 2012, 35(1): 48-55.
15. 　Zhang W, Sun SG, Jiang YH, et al. Determination of brain Iron content in patients with Parkinson’s disease using magnetic susceptibility imaging[J]. Neurosci Bull, 2009, 25(6): 353-360.
16. 　Schocke MF, Seppi K, Esterhammer R, et al. Trace of diffusion tensor differentiates the Parkinson variant of multiple system atrophy and Parkinson’s disease[J]. Neuroimage, 2004, 21(4): 1443-1451.
17. 　Scherfler C, Schocke MF, Seppi K, et al. Voxel-wise analysis of diffusion weighted imaging reveals disruption of the olfactory tract in Parkinson’s disease[J]. Brain, 2006, 129(Pt 2): 538-542.
18. 　Rolheiser TM, Fulton HG, Good KP, et al. Diffusion tensor imaging and olfactory identification testing in early-stage Parkinson’s disease[J]. J Neurol, 2011, 258(7): 1254-1260.
19. 　Gaudiello F, Garaci FG, Marziali S, et al. Evaluation of basal ganglia haemodynamic changes with perfusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in patients with Parkinson’s disease[J]. Radiol Med, 2006, 111(2): 284-290.
20. 　Melzer TR, Watts R, Macaskill MR, et al. Arterial spin labelling reveals an abnormal cerebral perfusion pattern in Parkinson’s disease[J]. Brain, 2011, 134(Pt 3): 845-855.
21. 　Rango M, Arighi A, Biondetti P, et al. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy in Parkinson’s disease and parkinsonian syndromes[J]. Funct Neurol, 2007, 22(2): 75-79.
22. 　Hattingen E, Magerkurth J, Pilatus U, et al. Phosphorus and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy demonstrates mitochondrial dysfunction in early and advanced Parkinson’s disease[J]. Brain, 2009, 132(Pt 12): 3285-3297.
23. 　Michell AW, Lewis SG, Foltynie T, et al. Biomarkers and parkinson’s disease[J]. Brain, 2004, 127(8): 1693-1705.
24. 　Lucetti C, Del Dotto P, Gambaccini G, et al. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) of motor cortex and basal ganglia in de novo Parkinson’s disease patients[J]. Neurol Sci, 2001, 22(1): 69-70.
25. 　Gupta D, Saini J, Kesavadas C, et al. Utility of susceptibility-weighted MRI in differentiating Parkinson’s disease and atypical parkinsonism[J]. Neuroradiology, 2010, 52(12): 1087-1094.
26. 　Mahlknecht P, Schocke M, Seppi K. Differential diagnosis of parkinsonian syndromes using MRI[J]. Nervenarzt, 2010, 81(10): 1168-1179.
27. 　Seppi K, Schocke MF, Esterhammer R, et al. Diffusion-weighted imaging discriminates progressive supranuclear palsy from PD, but not from the parkinson variant of multiple system atrophy[J]. Neurology, 2003, 60(6): 922-927.
28. 　Boelmans K, Bodammer NC, Suchorska B, et al. Diffusion tensor imaging of the corpus callosum differentiates corticobasal syndrome from Parkinson’s disease[J]. Parkinsonism Relat Disord, 2010, 16(8): 498-502.
29. 　Schocke MF, Seppi K, Esterhammer R, et al. Diffusion-weighted MRI differentiates the Parkinson variant of multiple system atrophy from PD[J]. Neurology, 2002, 58(4): 575-580.
30. 　Nicoletti G, Lodi R, Condino F, et al. Apparent diffusion coefficient measurements of the middle cerebellar peduncle differentiate the Parkinson variant of MSA from Parkinson’s disease and progressive supranuclear palsy[J]. Brain, 2006, 129(Pt 10): 2679-2687.
  1. 1. 　Mahlknecht P, Hotter A, Hussl A, et al. Significance of MRI in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease[J]. Neurodegener Dis, 2010, 7(5): 300-318.
  2. 2. 　Baudrexel S, Klein JC, Deichmann R, et al. Innovative MRI techniques in Parkinson’s disease[J]. Nervenarzt, 2010, 81(10): 1180-1188.
  3. 3. 　Schuff N. Potential role of high-field MRI for studies in Parkinson’s disease[J]. Mov Disord, 2009, 24 Suppl 2(2): S684-S690.
  4. 4. 　Cho ZH, Oh SH, Kim JM, et al. Direct visualization of Parkinson’s disease by in vivo human brain imaging using 7.0T magnetic resonance imaging[J]. Mov Disord, 2011, 26(4): 713-718.
  5. 5. 　Brenneis C, Seppi K, Schocke MF, et al. Voxel-based morphometry detects cortical atrophy in the Parkinson variant of multiple system atrophy[J]. Mov Disord, 2003, 18(10): 1132-1138.
  6. 6. 　Geng DY, Li YX, Zee CS. Magnetic resonance imaging-based volumetric analysis of basal ganglia nuclei and substantia nigra in patients with Parkinson’s disease[J]. Neurosurgery, 2006, 58(2): 256-262.
  7. 7. 　Borghammer P, ?stergaard K, Cumming P, et al. A deformation-based morphometry study of patients with early-stage Parkinson’s disease[J]. Eur J Neurol, 2010, 17(2): 314-320.
  8. 8. 　Matthews PM, Jezzard P. Functional magnetic resonance imaging[J]. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 2004, 75(1): 6-12.
  9. 9. 　Prodoehl J, Spraker M, Corcos D, et al. Blood oxygenation level-dependent activation in basal ganglia nuclei relates to specific symptoms in de novo Parkinson’s disease[J]. Mov Disord, 2010, 25(13): 2035-2043.
  10. 10. 　Moraschi M, Giulietti G, Giove F, et al. fMRI study of motor cortex activity modulation in early Parkinson’s disease[J]. Magn Reson Imaging, 2010, 28(8): 1152-1158.
  11. 11. 　Haacke EM, Ye Y. The role of susceptibility weighted imaging in functional MRI [J]. Neuroimage, 2012, 62(2): 923-929.
  12. 12. 　Schapira AH, Jenner P. Etiology and pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease[J]. Mov Disord, 2011, 26(6): 1049-1055.
  13. 13. 　Hill JM, Ruff MR, Weber RJ, et al. Transferrin receptors in rat brain: neuropeptide-like pattern and relationship to Iron distribution[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 1985, 82(13): 4553-4557.
  14. 14. 　Lotfipour AK, Wharton S, Schwarz ST, et al. High resolution magnetic susceptibility mapping of the substantia nigra in Parkinson’s disease[J]. J Magn Reson Imaging, 2012, 35(1): 48-55.
  15. 15. 　Zhang W, Sun SG, Jiang YH, et al. Determination of brain Iron content in patients with Parkinson’s disease using magnetic susceptibility imaging[J]. Neurosci Bull, 2009, 25(6): 353-360.
  16. 16. 　Schocke MF, Seppi K, Esterhammer R, et al. Trace of diffusion tensor differentiates the Parkinson variant of multiple system atrophy and Parkinson’s disease[J]. Neuroimage, 2004, 21(4): 1443-1451.
  17. 17. 　Scherfler C, Schocke MF, Seppi K, et al. Voxel-wise analysis of diffusion weighted imaging reveals disruption of the olfactory tract in Parkinson’s disease[J]. Brain, 2006, 129(Pt 2): 538-542.
  18. 18. 　Rolheiser TM, Fulton HG, Good KP, et al. Diffusion tensor imaging and olfactory identification testing in early-stage Parkinson’s disease[J]. J Neurol, 2011, 258(7): 1254-1260.
  19. 19. 　Gaudiello F, Garaci FG, Marziali S, et al. Evaluation of basal ganglia haemodynamic changes with perfusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in patients with Parkinson’s disease[J]. Radiol Med, 2006, 111(2): 284-290.
  20. 20. 　Melzer TR, Watts R, Macaskill MR, et al. Arterial spin labelling reveals an abnormal cerebral perfusion pattern in Parkinson’s disease[J]. Brain, 2011, 134(Pt 3): 845-855.
  21. 21. 　Rango M, Arighi A, Biondetti P, et al. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy in Parkinson’s disease and parkinsonian syndromes[J]. Funct Neurol, 2007, 22(2): 75-79.
  22. 22. 　Hattingen E, Magerkurth J, Pilatus U, et al. Phosphorus and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy demonstrates mitochondrial dysfunction in early and advanced Parkinson’s disease[J]. Brain, 2009, 132(Pt 12): 3285-3297.
  23. 23. 　Michell AW, Lewis SG, Foltynie T, et al. Biomarkers and parkinson’s disease[J]. Brain, 2004, 127(8): 1693-1705.
  24. 24. 　Lucetti C, Del Dotto P, Gambaccini G, et al. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) of motor cortex and basal ganglia in de novo Parkinson’s disease patients[J]. Neurol Sci, 2001, 22(1): 69-70.
  25. 25. 　Gupta D, Saini J, Kesavadas C, et al. Utility of susceptibility-weighted MRI in differentiating Parkinson’s disease and atypical parkinsonism[J]. Neuroradiology, 2010, 52(12): 1087-1094.
  26. 26. 　Mahlknecht P, Schocke M, Seppi K. Differential diagnosis of parkinsonian syndromes using MRI[J]. Nervenarzt, 2010, 81(10): 1168-1179.
  27. 27. 　Seppi K, Schocke MF, Esterhammer R, et al. Diffusion-weighted imaging discriminates progressive supranuclear palsy from PD, but not from the parkinson variant of multiple system atrophy[J]. Neurology, 2003, 60(6): 922-927.
  28. 28. 　Boelmans K, Bodammer NC, Suchorska B, et al. Diffusion tensor imaging of the corpus callosum differentiates corticobasal syndrome from Parkinson’s disease[J]. Parkinsonism Relat Disord, 2010, 16(8): 498-502.
  29. 29. 　Schocke MF, Seppi K, Esterhammer R, et al. Diffusion-weighted MRI differentiates the Parkinson variant of multiple system atrophy from PD[J]. Neurology, 2002, 58(4): 575-580.
  30. 30. 　Nicoletti G, Lodi R, Condino F, et al. Apparent diffusion coefficient measurements of the middle cerebellar peduncle differentiate the Parkinson variant of MSA from Parkinson’s disease and progressive supranuclear palsy[J]. Brain, 2006, 129(Pt 10): 2679-2687.